From 83d5aaf9685578a02642e6e50060341a6611a169 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kirill <kirill.kolesnikov@etu.unistra.fr>
Date: Tue, 26 Nov 2024 12:33:16 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Encore des tps
---
.../TPnote2024/Parallele_S6.code-workspace | 11 +
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance | Bin 0 -> 17856 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance.c | 126 ++++++
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather | Bin 0 -> 17688 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather.c | 121 +++++
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri | Bin 0 -> 18024 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri_fusion.c | 147 ++++++
Mec_discord/annales/test.c | 0
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex1 | Bin 0 -> 17032 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex2 | Bin 0 -> 17240 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex3 | Bin 0 -> 17656 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex4 | Bin 0 -> 17648 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex5 | Bin 0 -> 17656 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex6 | Bin 0 -> 17744 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex7 | Bin 0 -> 17696 bytes
.../annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c | 11 +
.../tp0_1_hello.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c | 29 ++
.../tp0_2_for.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c | 71 +++
.../tp1_3_addvec.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c | 68 +++
.../tp1_4_sum.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c | 81 ++++
.../tp1_5_matvec.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c | 81 ++++
.../tp1_6_stencil1d.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c | 92 ++++
.../tp1_7_reductionreinit.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c | 87 ++++
.../tp1_8_polynomial.c:Zone.Identifier | 3 +
.../._tp2_1_matmat.c | Bin 0 -> 176 bytes
.../._tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c | Bin 0 -> 176 bytes
.../annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/bubble | Bin 0 -> 17760 bytes
.../annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/enum | Bin 0 -> 17824 bytes
.../tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_1_matmat.c | 82 ++++
.../tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_2_pi.c | 76 ++++
.../tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c | 122 +++++
.../tp2_4_bubble_sort.c | 119 +++++
.../._tp3_1_nb_threads.c | Bin 0 -> 176 bytes
.../._tp3_4_fibonacci.c | Bin 0 -> 176 bytes
.../tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex1 | Bin 0 -> 17128 bytes
.../tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex2 | Bin 0 -> 17816 bytes
.../tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex3 | Bin 0 -> 17936 bytes
.../tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex4 | Bin 0 -> 17792 bytes
.../mandel.c | 227 ++++++++++
.../rasterfile.h | 50 +++
.../tp3_1_nb_threads.c | 16 +
.../tp3_2_primes.c | 123 +++++
.../tp3_3_dag.c | 109 +++++
.../tp3_4_fibonacci.c | 92 ++++
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale | Bin 0 -> 18136 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale.c | 373 ++++++++++++++++
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello | Bin 0 -> 17128 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello.c | 22 +
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/ping.c | 59 +++
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat | Bin 0 -> 17640 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat.c | 107 +++++
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri | Bin 0 -> 17728 bytes
Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri_qs_fusion.c | 148 ++++++
Mec_discord/annales/tri_fusion_first_try.c | 420 ++++++++++++++++++
61 files changed, 3094 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/Parallele_S6.code-workspace
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri_fusion.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/test.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex1
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex2
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex3
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex4
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex5
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex6
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex7
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c:Zone.Identifier
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_1_matmat.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/bubble
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/enum
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_1_matmat.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_2_pi.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_4_bubble_sort.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_1_nb_threads.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_4_fibonacci.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex1
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex2
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex3
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex4
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/mandel.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/rasterfile.h
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_1_nb_threads.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_2_primes.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_3_dag.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_4_fibonacci.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/ping.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri_qs_fusion.c
create mode 100644 Mec_discord/annales/tri_fusion_first_try.c
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/Parallele_S6.code-workspace b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/Parallele_S6.code-workspace
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af98cda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/Parallele_S6.code-workspace
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+{
+ "folders": [
+ {
+ "path": ".."
+ },
+ {
+ "path": "../../projet-progparallele-IL3-2324"
+ }
+ ],
+ "settings": {}
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance.c b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..19871e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/covariance.c
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+
+#define ERROR 1.e-6 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5. // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix size
+#define N 4000
+#define M 1000
+
+#define TYPE float
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void covariance_kernel(TYPE data[N][M], TYPE cov[M][M], TYPE mean[M])
+{
+ #pragma omp parallel
+ {
+ int i, j, k;
+ #pragma omp for private(i)
+ for ( j = 0; j < M; j++)
+ {
+ mean[j] = 0.;
+ for ( i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ mean[j] += data[i][j];
+ mean[j] /= N;
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp for private(j)
+ for ( i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ for ( j = 0; j < M; j++)
+ data[i][j] -= mean[j];
+
+ #pragma omp for private(j,k) reduction(+: cov[:M][:M])
+ for ( i = 0; i < M; i++)
+ for ( j = i; j < M; j++)
+ {
+ cov[i][j] = 0.;
+ for (k = 0; k < N; k++)
+ cov[i][j] += data[k][i] * data[k][j];
+ cov[i][j] /= (N - 1.);
+ cov[j][i] = cov[i][j];
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void covariance_reference(TYPE data[N][M], TYPE cov[M][M], TYPE mean[M])
+{
+ for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
+ {
+ mean[j] = 0.;
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ mean[j] += data[i][j];
+ mean[j] /= N;
+ }
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
+ data[i][j] -= mean[j];
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < M; i++)
+ for (int j = i; j < M; j++)
+ {
+ cov[i][j] = 0.;
+ for (int k = 0; k < N; k++)
+ cov[i][j] += data[k][i] * data[k][j];
+ cov[i][j] /= (N - 1.);
+ cov[j][i] = cov[i][j];
+ }
+}
+
+// MAIN
+int main()
+{
+ TYPE (*data)[M] = malloc(N * M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ TYPE (*cov)[M] = malloc(M * M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ TYPE *mean = malloc(M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ TYPE (*data_ref)[M] = malloc(N * M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ TYPE (*cov_ref)[M] = malloc(M * M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ TYPE *mean_ref = malloc(M * sizeof(TYPE));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup;
+
+ // INITIALIZATION
+ srand(time(NULL)+getpid());
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < M; j++)
+ data[i][j] = data_ref[i][j] = (TYPE)rand()/(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+
+ // REFERENCE CALL
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ covariance_reference(data_ref, cov_ref, mean_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ // KERNEL CALL
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ covariance_kernel(data, cov, mean);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < M; i++) {
+ for (size_t j = i; j < M; j++) {
+ if (fabs(cov_ref[i][j] - cov[i][j]) > ERROR)
+ {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(data);
+ free(cov);
+ free(mean);
+ free(cov_ref);
+ free(mean_ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather
new file mode 100644
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HcmV?d00001
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather.c b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..065c1cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/gather.c
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// TP noté de programmation parallèle - exercice MPI - IL3S6P 2023/2024.
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+
+// affichage en couleurs :
+#define YEL "\033[33m"
+#define RED "\033[31m"
+#define GREEN "\033[32m"
+#define NORM "\033[0m"
+
+// taille du tableau par défaut [test2]
+#define N 13
+
+// variables globales, initialisées au début de main()
+int rank, size;
+
+
+// Fonction à écrire :
+void mon_gather(void *sbuf, void *rbuf, int count, MPI_Datatype type,
+ int root, MPI_Comm comm)
+{
+ // cette fonction doit faire la même chose que :
+ // MPI_Gather(sbuf, count, type, rbuf, count, type, root, comm);
+ // * sans utiliser de communication collective. *
+
+
+
+ for(int i = 0 ;i < size; i++ )
+ if(rank == i) {
+ void *tosend = sbuf + i*(count/size);
+ MPI_Send(tosend,count/size,type, 0,0,comm);
+
+
+ if (i == 0 )
+ {
+
+ MPI_Recv(rbuf + (i*(count/size)), count/size,type,i,0,comm,NULL) ;
+ }
+ }
+
+
+
+ return;
+}
+
+
+// Programme de test, ne nécessite pas de modification.
+int main( int argc, char **argv )
+{
+ srand(time(0)+getpid());
+ // init
+ MPI_Init(&argc,&argv);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size);
+
+ if(rank==0)
+ printf("Nb process: %d\n", size);
+
+
+ // test 1 : un caractère sur root=0
+ char c = 'a' + rand()%26;
+ char s_mon[size+1], s_mpi[size+1];
+ s_mon[0] = s_mon[size] = s_mpi[size] = '\0';
+
+ mon_gather(&c, s_mon, 1, MPI_CHAR, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Gather(&c, 1, MPI_CHAR, s_mpi, 1, MPI_CHAR, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+ if(rank==0 && argc==1)
+ {
+ printf(YEL"[test1] "NORM);
+ if(strncmp(s_mon, s_mpi, size))
+ {
+ printf(RED"Failed!"NORM" ('%s' != '%s')\nAborting\n", s_mon, s_mpi);
+ MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf(GREEN"OK"NORM" results\n");
+ }
+
+ // synchro pour attendre le abort() éventuel du test1...
+ MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+ // test 2 : tableau de N longs sur root=size-1
+ long val[N];
+ printf("val [on %d] =", rank);
+ for(int i=0; i<N; i++)
+ {
+ val[i] = rand()%100;
+ printf("%3ld", val[i]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+
+ long *res_mon = calloc(size*N, sizeof(long));
+ long *res_mpi = calloc(size*N, sizeof(long));
+
+ mon_gather(val, res_mon, N, MPI_LONG, size-1, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Gather(val, N, MPI_LONG, res_mpi, N, MPI_LONG, size-1, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+ if(rank==size-1)
+ {
+ printf(YEL"[test2] "NORM);
+ for(int i=0; i<N*size; i++)
+ {
+ if(res_mon[i] != res_mpi[i])
+ {
+ printf(RED"Failed!"NORM" ('%ld' != '%ld' [%d])\n",
+ res_mon[i], res_mpi[i], i);
+ MPI_Abort(MPI_COMM_WORLD, 1);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf(GREEN"OK"NORM" results\n");
+ }
+
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return(0);
+}
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri_fusion.c b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri_fusion.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33c5f08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/TPnote2024/tri_fusion.c
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+
+#define N 10000000
+
+// fonctions de vérification définies plus loin
+void verif_init(int *);
+int verif(int *);
+
+// pour fusionner deux parties de tableau triées
+// en tab [deb..pos1-1] et tab [pos1..pos2-1]
+// résultat en place dans tab. Utilise tmp (mêmes indices):
+int tmp[N];
+void fusion(int* restrict tab, int deb, int pos1, int pos2)
+{
+ int i1 = deb, i2 = pos1, ir = deb;
+
+ while (i1 < pos1 && i2 < pos2) {
+ if (tab[i2] < tab[i1])
+ tmp[ir++] = tab[i2++];
+ else
+ tmp[ir++] = tab[i1++];
+ }
+
+ while (i1 < pos1)
+ tmp[ir++] = tab[i1++];
+
+ while (i2 < pos2)
+ tmp[ir++] = tab[i2++];
+
+ memcpy(tab+deb, tmp+deb, (pos2-deb)*sizeof(int));
+}
+
+// Fonction de tri à paralléliser :
+// Arguments :
+// - tab un tableau d'entiers, alloué, trié en place par la fonction entre
+// les positions pos1 et pos2
+void tri(int *tab, int pos1, int pos2)
+{
+ if(pos2 - pos1 > 1)
+ {
+ #pragma omp task
+ {
+ tri(tab, pos1, (pos1+pos2)/2);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task
+ {
+ tri(tab, (pos1+pos2)/2, pos2);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp taskwait
+ fusion(tab, pos1, (pos1+pos2)/2, pos2);
+ }
+}
+
+// variable globale pour éviter le stack overflow
+int tab[N];
+
+// MAIN
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+ // initialisation
+ srand(time(0) + getpid());
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ tab[i] = rand()%N;
+ }
+ verif_init(tab);
+
+ // le tri commence ici
+ double t0 = omp_get_wtime();
+
+ #pragma omp parallel
+ {
+ #pragma omp single
+ {
+ tri(tab, 0, N);
+ }
+ }
+
+ double t1 = omp_get_wtime();
+
+ printf("Execution time: %lfs\n", t1-t0);
+
+ // renvoie le code de retour de la fonction de vérification du tri
+ return verif(tab);
+}
+
+// ----------ci-dessous: fonctions de vérification-------------------------
+// ------------------Ne pas modifier---------------------------------------
+static int compte[N];
+
+// fonction d'initialisation de la vérification
+void verif_init(int* t) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ compte[i] = 0;
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ compte[t[i]]++;
+}
+
+// fonction de vérification : le tableau passé en argument est le tableau de
+// verif_init() trié (renvoie 0 si succès, 1 si échec + message sur stderr)
+int verif(int* t) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "result:");
+ for (int i = 0; i < 5 && i < N; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, " ...");
+ for (int i = (N-5 > 0)? N - 5 : 0; i < N; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+
+ // vérification que le tableau t est bien le tableau trié :
+ // vérifie que les éléments sont dans l'ordre, et que le nombre
+ // d'occurrences de chaque valeur correspond au tableau compte initialisé
+ int nb = 1;
+ for (int i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+ if (t[i-1] == t[i]) {
+ nb++;
+ }
+ else if (t[i-1] > t[i]) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (%d > %d at index %d-%d)\n", t[i-1], t[i], i-1, i);
+ return 1;
+ } else {
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la valeur précédente
+ if (compte[t[i-1]] != nb) {
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n",
+ t[i-1], nb, compte[t[i-1]]);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ nb = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la dernière valeur
+ if(compte[t[N-1]] != nb) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n",
+ t[N-1], nb, compte[t[N-1]]);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Result OK!\n");
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/test.c b/Mec_discord/annales/test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex1 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..80fcb9920e60dce6c91f00d06c52b50b3f5c2353
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex2 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex2
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new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex5 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex5
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex6 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/ex6
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c2cb58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+int main() {
+
+ #pragma omp parallel num_threads(6)
+ {
+ printf("Hello\n");
+ printf("World\n");
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_1_hello.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e58a317
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define SIZE 100
+#define CHUNK 10
+
+int main() {
+ int i, tid;
+ double a[SIZE], b[SIZE], c[SIZE], sum = 0.;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++)
+ a[i] = b[i] = i;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel private(tid) reduction(+: sum)
+ {
+ tid = omp_get_thread_num();
+ if (tid == 0)
+ printf("Nb threads = %d\n", omp_get_num_threads());
+ printf("Thread %d: starting...\n", tid);
+
+ #pragma omp for
+ for (i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+ c[i] = a[i] + b[i];
+ sum += c[i];
+ printf("Thread %d: c[%2d] = %g\n", tid, i, c[i]);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("sum = %g\n", sum);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp0_2_for.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b42462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 5120000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void addvec_reference(double c[N], double a[N], double b[N]) {
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ c[i] = a[i] + b[i];
+ }
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void addvec_kernel(double c[N], double a[N], double b[N]) {
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ c[i] = a[i] + b[i];
+ }
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* b = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* c = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ b[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ }
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ addvec_reference(ref, a, b);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ addvec_kernel(c, a, b);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ if (ref[i] != c[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ free(b);
+ free(c);
+ free(ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_3_addvec.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..121b538
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 5120000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void sum_reference(double* psum, double a[N]) {
+ double sum = 0.;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ sum += a[i];
+ }
+ *psum = sum;
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void sum_kernel(double* psum, double a[N]) {
+ double sum = 0.;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for reduction (+: sum)
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ sum += a[i];
+ }
+ *psum = sum;
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double ref, sum;
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ }
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ sum_reference(&ref, a);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ sum_kernel(&sum, a);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (abs(ref - sum) > ERROR) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_4_sum.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b49cf35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 5120
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void matvec_reference(double c[N], double A[N][N], double b[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ c[i] = 0.;
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ c[i] += A[i][j] * b[j];
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void matvec_kernel(double c[N], double A[N][N], double b[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(j)
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ c[i] = 0.;
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ c[i] += A[i][j] * b[j];
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* A = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double* b = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* c = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ b[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N * N; i++)
+ A[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ matvec_reference(ref, (double (*)[N])A, b);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ matvec_kernel(c, (double (*)[N])A, b);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ //if (abs(ref[i] - c[i]) > ERROR) {
+ if (ref[i] != c[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(A);
+ free(b);
+ free(c);
+ free(ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_5_matvec.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d2bcbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 51200000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void stencil1D_reference(double a[N], double b[N]) {
+ for (size_t i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (a[i] + a[i - 1]) / 2;
+ b[i] = (b[i] + b[i - 1]) / 2;
+ }
+}
+
+void stencil1D_kernel(double a[N], double b[N]) {
+ #pragma omp parallel sections
+ {
+ #pragma omp section
+ for (size_t i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (a[i] + a[i - 1]) / 2;
+ }
+ #pragma omp section
+ for (size_t i = 1; i < N; i++) {
+ b[i] = (b[i] + b[i - 1]) / 2;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* b = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref_a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref_b = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ b[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ ref_a[i] = a[i];
+ ref_b[i] = b[i];
+ }
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ stencil1D_reference(a, b);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ stencil1D_kernel(ref_a, ref_b);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ //if ((abs(ref_a[i] - a[i]) > ERROR) || (abs(ref_b[i] - b[i]) > ERROR) {
+ if ((ref_a[i] != a[i]) || (ref_b[i] != b[i])) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ free(b);
+ free(ref_a);
+ free(ref_b);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_6_stencil1d.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d07a684
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix size (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 5120
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+/**
+ * reduction_reinit function:
+ * this function returns the sum of all the elements of a square matrix
+ * and sets the matrix elements to 0.
+ * \param[in,out] A The matrix to use (reset to 0 by the function).
+ * \param[out] sum The sum of the elements of the input matrix.
+ */
+void reduction_reinit_reference(double A[N][N], double* sum) {
+ *sum = 0.;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ *sum += A[i][j];
+ A[i][j] = 0.;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void reduction_reinit_kernel(double A[N][N], double* sum) {
+ *sum = 0.;
+ double copie_sum = 0 ;
+ size_t i , j ;
+ #pragma omp parallel for reduction(+: copie_sum) private(j)
+ for ( i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for ( j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ copie_sum += A[i][j];
+ A[i][j] = 0.;
+ }
+ }
+
+ *sum = copie_sum;
+
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* AR = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double* AK = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double sum_ref, sum_ker;
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N * N; i++)
+ AR[i] = AK[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ reduction_reinit_reference((double (*)[N])AR, &sum_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ reduction_reinit_kernel((double (*)[N])AK, &sum_ker);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (abs(sum_ref - sum_ker) > ERROR) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ if (AR[i * N + j] != AK[i * N + j]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(AK);
+ free(AR);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_7_reductionreinit.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ade72b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define max(x,y) ((x) > (y)? (x) : (y))
+#define min(x,y) ((x) < (y)? (x) : (y))
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 5120
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+/**
+ * polynomial_multiply function:
+ * this function computes the polynomial multiply c = a * b,
+ * each polynomial is represented using an array, the value stored
+ * in the n^th cell corresponds to the coefficient of x^n. E.g.:
+ * a = (3.x^2 + 2.x + 1) is represented by [3, 2, 1],
+ * b = (2.x^2 + 3.x) is represented by [2, 3, 0] and the result of
+ * a * b = 6.x^4 + 13.x^3 + 6.x^2 + 3.x is [6, 13, 6, 3, 0].
+ * \param c is the target polynomial, must be initialized to 0
+ * \param a is the first polynomial
+ * \param b is the second polynomial
+ */
+void polynomial_multiply_reference(double c[2*N-1], double a[N], double b[N]) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < N; j++)
+ c[i+j] += a[i] * b[j];
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void polynomial_multiply_kernel(double c[2*N-1], double a[N], double b[N]) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ for (size_t j = 0; j < N; j++)
+ c[i+j] += a[i] * b[j];
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* b = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* c_ref = malloc((2*N - 1) * sizeof(double));
+ double* c_ker = malloc((2*N - 1) * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization of a and b by random values, and c by 0
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ b[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ }
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 2*N - 1; i++) {
+ c_ref[i] = c_ker[i] = 0.;
+ }
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ polynomial_multiply_reference(c_ref, a, b);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ polynomial_multiply_kernel(c_ker, a, b);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < 2*N - 1; i++) {
+ //if (abs(c_ref[i] - c_ker[i]) > ERROR) {
+ if (c_ref[i] != c_ker[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ free(b);
+ free(c_ref);
+ free(c_ker);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c:Zone.Identifier b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c:Zone.Identifier
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08a05d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp1_openmp_codes/tp1_8_polynomial.c:Zone.Identifier
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[ZoneTransfer]
+ZoneId=3
+ReferrerUrl=C:\Users\33788\Downloads\tp1_openmp_codes(1).tgz
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_1_matmat.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_1_matmat.c
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/._tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/bubble b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/bubble
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/enum b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/enum
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_1_matmat.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_1_matmat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0ce7a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_1_matmat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes
+#define N 1000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void matmat_reference(double C[N][N], double A[N][N], double B[N][N]) {
+ size_t i, j, k;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ C[i][j] = 0.;
+ for (k = 0; k < N; k++) {
+ C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void matmat_kernel(double C[N][N], double A[N][N], double B[N][N]) {
+ size_t i, j, k;
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(j,k) //schedule(dynamic,10) //collapse(2)
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ C[i][j] = 0.;
+ for (k = 0; k < N; k++) {
+ C[i][j] += A[i][k] * B[k][j];
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* A = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double* B = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double* C = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref = malloc(N * N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N * N; i++) {
+ A[i] = (double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ B[i] = (double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ }
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ matmat_reference((double (*)[N])ref, (double (*)[N])A, (double (*)[N])B);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ matmat_kernel((double (*)[N])C, (double (*)[N])A, (double (*)[N])B);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N*N; i++) {
+ if (ref[i] != C[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(A);
+ free(B);
+ free(C);
+ free(ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_2_pi.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_2_pi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c482557
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_2_pi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define PI "3.141592653589793238462"
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-10 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 51200000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void pi_reference(size_t nb_steps, double* pi) {
+ double term;
+ double sum = 0.;
+ double step = 1./(double)nb_steps;
+
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < nb_steps; i++) {
+ term = (i + 0.5) * step;
+ sum += 4. / (1. + term * term);
+ }
+
+ *pi = step * sum;
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void pi_kernel(size_t nb_steps, double* pi) {
+ double term;
+ double sum = 0.;
+ double step = 1./(double)nb_steps;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(term) reduction(+: sum)
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < nb_steps; i++) {
+ term = (i + 0.5) * step;
+ sum += 4. / (1. + term * term);
+ }
+
+
+ *pi = step * sum;
+
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double pi, pi_ref;
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ pi_reference(N, &pi_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ pi_kernel(N, &pi);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ printf("\nPi (textbook) : %s\n", PI);
+ printf("Pi reference - : %.22g\n", pi_ref);
+ printf("Pi parallel -- : %.22g\n\n", pi);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (fabs(pi_ref - pi) > ERROR) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af2f8ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_3_enumeration_sort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 10240
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void enumeration_sort_reference(double tab[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+ size_t* position = malloc(N * sizeof(size_t));
+ double* copy = malloc(N * sizeof(size_t));
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ position[i] = 0;
+ copy[i] = tab[i];
+ }
+
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ if ((tab[j] < tab[i]) || ((tab[i] == tab[j]) && (i < j))) {
+ position[i]++;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ tab[position[i]] = copy[i];
+
+ free(position);
+ free(copy);
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void enumeration_sort_kernel(double tab[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+ size_t* position = malloc(N * sizeof(size_t));
+ double* copy = malloc(N * sizeof(size_t));
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ position[i] = 0;
+ copy[i] = tab[i];
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(j)
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ for (j = 0; j < N; j++) {
+ if ((tab[j] < tab[i]) || ((tab[i] == tab[j]) && (i < j))) {
+ position[i]++;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ tab[position[i]] = copy[i];
+
+ free(position);
+ free(copy);
+}
+
+void print_sample(double tab[], size_t size, size_t sample_length) {
+ if (size <= 2 * sample_length) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ } else {
+ for (size_t i = 0; (i < size) && (i < sample_length); i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ printf("... ");
+ for (size_t i = size - sample_length; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ ref[i] = a[i];
+ }
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ enumeration_sort_reference(ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ enumeration_sort_kernel(a);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ print_sample(ref, N, 5);
+ print_sample(a, N, 5);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ if (ref[i] != a[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ free(ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_4_bubble_sort.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_4_bubble_sort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b84989
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp2_parallelisation_codes/tp2_4_bubble_sort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 500 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+// Matrix and vector sizes (5120: UHD TV)
+#define N 25600
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void bubble_sort_reference(double tab[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+ double temp;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < N ; i++) {
+ for (j = 0; j < N - i - 1; j++) {
+ if (tab[j] > tab[j + 1]) {
+ temp = tab[j + 1];
+ tab[j + 1] = tab[j];
+ tab[j] = temp;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void bubble_sort_kernel(double tab[N]) {
+ size_t i, j;
+ size_t num = N;
+ double temp;
+
+
+ for(size_t phase = 0 ; phase < num ; phase++)
+ {
+ if(phase% 2 == 0){
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(temp)
+ for(i = 0 ; i < N-1 ; i +=2)
+ {
+ if (tab[i]>tab[i+1])
+ {
+ temp = tab[i] ;
+ tab[i] = tab[i+1];
+ tab[i+1] = temp ;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ #pragma omp parallel for private(temp)
+ for(i = 1 ; i < N-1 ; i+=2)
+ {
+ if(tab[i]> tab[i+1])
+ {
+ temp = tab[i] ;
+ tab[i] = tab[i+1];
+ tab[i+1] = temp ;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void print_sample(double tab[], size_t size, size_t sample_length) {
+ if (size <= 2 * sample_length) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ } else {
+ for (size_t i = 0; (i < size) && (i < sample_length); i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ printf("... ");
+ for (size_t i = size - sample_length; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%g ", tab[i]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double* a = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double* ref = malloc(N * sizeof(double));
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++)
+ ref[i] = a[i] = (float)rand()/(float)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ bubble_sort_reference(ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ bubble_sort_kernel(a);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ print_sample(ref, N, 5);
+ print_sample(a, N, 5);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ if (ref[i] != a[i]) {
+ printf("bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(a);
+ free(ref);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_1_nb_threads.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_1_nb_threads.c
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_4_fibonacci.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/._tp3_4_fibonacci.c
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex1 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex1
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex2 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex2
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex3 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex3
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex4 b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/ex4
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/mandel.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/mandel.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cded68a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/mandel.c
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+/*
+ * @UFR@
+ * @MODULE@
+ * Université Pierre et Marie Curie
+ * Calcul de l'ensemble de Mandelbrot, Version séquentielle
+ * compilation, exécution : voir fichier Makefile
+ *
+ * $Id: mandel.c,v 1.3 2004/03/02 22:04:59 bereziat Exp $
+ */
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h> /* chronometrage */
+
+#include "rasterfile.h"
+
+
+char info[] = "\
+Usage:\n\
+ mandel dimx dimy xmin ymin xmax ymax prof\n\
+\n\
+ dimx,dimy : dimensions de l'image a generer\n\
+ xmin,ymin,xmax,ymax : domaine a calculer dans le plan complexe\n\
+ prof : nombre maximale d'iteration\n\
+\n\
+Quelques exemples d'execution\n\
+ mandel 800 800 0.35 0.355 0.353 0.358 200\n\
+ mandel 800 800 -0.736 -0.184 -0.735 -0.183 500\n\
+ mandel 800 800 -0.736 -0.184 -0.735 -0.183 300\n\
+ mandel 800 800 -1.48478 0.00006 -1.48440 0.00044 100\n\
+ mandel 800 800 -1.5 -0.1 -1.3 0.1 10000\n\
+";
+
+
+/**
+ * Convertion entier (4 octets) LINUX en un entier SUN
+ * @param i entier à convertir
+ * @return entier converti
+ */
+
+int swap(int i) {
+ int init = i;
+ int conv;
+ unsigned char *o, *d;
+
+ o = ( (unsigned char *) &init) + 3;
+ d = (unsigned char *) &conv;
+
+ *d++ = *o--;
+ *d++ = *o--;
+ *d++ = *o--;
+ *d++ = *o--;
+
+ return conv;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Sauvegarde le tableau de données au format rasterfile
+ * 8 bits avec une palette de 256 niveaux de gris du blanc (valeur 0)
+ * vers le noir (255)
+ * @param nom Nom de l'image
+ * @param largeur largeur de l'image
+ * @param hauteur hauteur de l'image
+ * @param p pointeur vers tampon contenant l'image
+ */
+
+void sauver_rasterfile( char *nom, int largeur, int hauteur, unsigned char *p) {
+ FILE *fd;
+ struct rasterfile ras;
+ int i;
+ unsigned char o;
+
+ if ( (fd=fopen(nom, "w")) == NULL ) {
+ printf("erreur dans la creation du fichier %s \n",nom);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ ras.ras_magic = swap(RAS_MAGIC);
+ ras.ras_width = swap(largeur); /* largeur en pixels de l'image */
+ ras.ras_height = swap(hauteur); /* hauteur en pixels de l'image */
+ ras.ras_depth = swap(8); /* profondeur de chaque pixel (1, 8 ou 24 ) */
+ ras.ras_length = swap(largeur*hauteur); /* taille de l'image en nb de bytes */
+ ras.ras_type = swap(RT_STANDARD); /* type de fichier */
+ ras.ras_maptype = swap(RMT_EQUAL_RGB);
+ ras.ras_maplength = swap(256*3);
+
+ fwrite(&ras, sizeof(struct rasterfile), 1, fd);
+
+ /* Palette de couleurs : composante rouge */
+ i = 256;
+ while( i--) {
+ o= i/2;
+ fwrite( &o, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, fd);
+ }
+
+ /* Palette de couleurs : composante verte */
+ i = 256;
+ while( i--) {
+ o=(i%190);
+ fwrite( &o, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, fd);
+ }
+
+ /* Palette de couleurs : composante bleu */
+ i = 256;
+ while( i--) {
+ unsigned char o=(i%120) * 2;
+ fwrite( &o, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, fd);
+ }
+
+ fwrite( p, largeur*hauteur, sizeof(unsigned char), fd);
+ fclose( fd);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Étant donnée les coordonnées d'un point \f$c=a+ib\f$ dans le plan
+ * complexe, la fonction retourne la couleur correspondante estimant
+ * à quelle distance de l'ensemble de mandelbrot le point est.
+ * Soit la suite complexe défini par:
+ * \f[
+ * \left\{\begin{array}{l}
+ * z_0 = 0 \\
+ * z_{n+1} = z_n^2 - c
+ * \end{array}\right.
+ * \f]
+ * le nombre d'itérations que la suite met pour diverger est le
+ * nombre \f$ n \f$ pour lequel \f$ |z_n| > 2 \f$.
+ * Ce nombre est ramené à une valeur entre 0 et 255 correspond ainsi a
+ * une couleur dans la palette des couleurs.
+ */
+
+unsigned char xy2color(double a, double b, int prof) {
+ double x, y, temp, x2, y2;
+ int i;
+
+ x = y = 0.;
+ for( i=0; i<prof; i++) {
+ /* garder la valeur précédente de x qui va etre ecrase */
+ temp = x;
+ /* nouvelles valeurs de x et y */
+ x2 = x*x;
+ y2 = y*y;
+ x = x2 - y2 + a;
+ y = 2*temp*y + b;
+ if( x2 + y2 >= 4.0) break;
+ }
+ // return i*255/prof;
+ return (i==prof)?255:(int)((i%255));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Partie principale: en chaque point de la grille, appliquer xy2color
+ */
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+ /* Domaine de calcul dans le plan complexe */
+ double xmin, ymin;
+ double xmax, ymax;
+ /* Dimension de l'image */
+ int w,h;
+ /* Pas d'incrementation */
+ double xinc, yinc;
+ /* Profondeur d'iteration */
+ int prof;
+ /* Image resultat */
+ unsigned char *grid, *pgrid;
+ /* Variables intermediaires */
+ int i, j;
+ double x, y;
+ /* Chronometrage */
+ clock_t debut, fin;
+
+ /* debut du chronometrage */
+ debut = clock();
+
+ if( argc == 1) fprintf( stderr, "%s\n", info);
+
+ /* Valeurs par defaut de la fractale */
+ xmin = -2; ymin = -2;
+ xmax = 2; ymax = 2;
+ w = h = 800;
+ prof = 200;
+
+ /* Recuperation des parametres */
+ if( argc > 1) w = atoi(argv[1]);
+ if( argc > 2) h = atoi(argv[2]);
+ if( argc > 3) xmin = atof(argv[3]);
+ if( argc > 4) ymin = atof(argv[4]);
+ if( argc > 5) xmax = atof(argv[5]);
+ if( argc > 6) ymax = atof(argv[6]);
+ if( argc > 7) prof = atoi(argv[7]);
+
+ /* Calcul des pas d'incrementation */
+ xinc = (xmax - xmin) / (w-1);
+ yinc = (ymax - ymin) / (h-1);
+
+ /* affichage parametres pour verificatrion */
+ fprintf( stderr, "Domaine: {[%lg,%lg]x[%lg,%lg]}\n", xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax);
+ fprintf( stderr, "Increment : %lg %lg\n", xinc, yinc);
+ fprintf( stderr, "Prof: %d\n", prof);
+ fprintf( stderr, "Dim image: %dx%d\n", w, h);
+
+ /* Allocation memoire du tableau resultat */
+ pgrid = grid = (unsigned char *)malloc( w*h*sizeof(unsigned char));
+
+ if( grid == NULL) {
+ fprintf( stderr, "Erreur allocation mémoire du tableau \n");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /* Traitement de la grille point par point */
+ for ( y = ymin, i = 0; i < h; y += yinc, i++) {
+ for ( x = xmin, j = 0; j < w; x += xinc, j++) {
+ *pgrid++ = xy2color( x, y, prof);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Sauvegarde de la grille dans le fichier resultat "mandel.ras" */
+ sauver_rasterfile( "mandel.ras", w, h, grid);
+
+ /* fin du chronometrage */
+ fin = clock();
+ fprintf( stderr, "Temps total de calcul : %g sec\n",
+ (double) (fin - debut) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
+ fprintf( stdout, "%g\n", (double) (fin - debut) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/rasterfile.h b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/rasterfile.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..184f827
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/rasterfile.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/* @(#)rasterfile.h 1.11 89/08/21 SMI */
+
+/*
+ * Description of header for files containing raster images
+ */
+
+#ifndef _rasterfile_h
+#define _rasterfile_h
+
+struct rasterfile {
+ int ras_magic; /* magic number */
+ int ras_width; /* width (pixels) of image */
+ int ras_height; /* height (pixels) of image */
+ int ras_depth; /* depth (1, 8, or 24 bits) of pixel */
+ int ras_length; /* length (bytes) of image */
+ int ras_type; /* type of file; see RT_* below */
+ int ras_maptype; /* type of colormap; see RMT_* below */
+ int ras_maplength; /* length (bytes) of following map */
+ /* color map follows for ras_maplength bytes, followed by image */
+};
+#define RAS_MAGIC 0x59a66a95
+
+ /* Sun supported ras_type's */
+#define RT_OLD 0 /* Raw pixrect image in 68000 byte order */
+#define RT_STANDARD 1 /* Raw pixrect image in 68000 byte order */
+#define RT_BYTE_ENCODED 2 /* Run-length compression of bytes */
+#define RT_FORMAT_RGB 3 /* XRGB or RGB instead of XBGR or BGR */
+#define RT_FORMAT_TIFF 4 /* tiff <-> standard rasterfile */
+#define RT_FORMAT_IFF 5 /* iff (TAAC format) <-> standard rasterfile */
+#define RT_EXPERIMENTAL 0xffff /* Reserved for testing */
+
+ /* Sun registered ras_maptype's */
+#define RMT_RAW 2
+ /* Sun supported ras_maptype's */
+#define RMT_NONE 0 /* ras_maplength is expected to be 0 */
+#define RMT_EQUAL_RGB 1 /* red[ras_maplength/3],green[],blue[] */
+
+/*
+ * NOTES:
+ * Each line of the image is rounded out to a multiple of 16 bits.
+ * This corresponds to the rounding convention used by the memory pixrect
+ * package (/usr/include/pixrect/memvar.h) of the SunWindows system.
+ * The ras_encoding field (always set to 0 by Sun's supported software)
+ * was renamed to ras_length in release 2.0. As a result, rasterfiles
+ * of type 0 generated by the old software claim to have 0 length; for
+ * compatibility, code reading rasterfiles must be prepared to compute the
+ * true length from the width, height, and depth fields.
+ */
+
+#endif /*!_rasterfile_h*/
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_1_nb_threads.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_1_nb_threads.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..961ccc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_1_nb_threads.c
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+void nb_thread_kernel() {
+ size_t nb_threads = 0;
+ #pragma omp parallel
+ {
+ #pragma omp critical
+ nb_threads++;
+ }
+ printf("nb_threads = %zu\n", nb_threads);
+}
+
+int main() {
+ nb_thread_kernel();
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_2_primes.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_2_primes.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7d2608
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_2_primes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define ERROR 1.e-20 // Acceptable precision
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+#define PRIME_MIN 3
+#define PRIME_MAX 100000
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void prime_reference(size_t primes[], size_t* ptr_nb_primes) {
+ size_t nb_primes = 0;
+ size_t divisor;
+ bool is_prime;
+
+ for (size_t i = PRIME_MIN; i < PRIME_MAX; i+=2) {
+ is_prime = true;
+ divisor = PRIME_MIN;
+
+ while ((divisor < i) && is_prime) {
+ if ((i % divisor) == 0)
+ is_prime = false;
+ divisor += 2;
+ }
+
+ if (is_prime) {
+ primes[nb_primes] = i;
+ nb_primes++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ *ptr_nb_primes = nb_primes;
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void prime_kernel(size_t primes[], size_t* ptr_nb_primes) {
+ size_t nb_primes = 0;
+ size_t divisor;
+ bool is_prime;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic) ordered private(divisor,is_prime)
+ for (size_t i = PRIME_MIN; i < PRIME_MAX; i+=2) {
+ is_prime = true;
+ divisor = PRIME_MIN;
+
+ while ((divisor < i) && is_prime) {
+
+ if ((i % divisor) == 0)
+ is_prime = false;
+ divisor += 2;
+
+ }
+
+ if (is_prime) {
+ #pragma omp ordered
+ primes[nb_primes] = i;
+ nb_primes++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ *ptr_nb_primes = nb_primes;
+}
+
+void print_sample(size_t tab[], size_t size, size_t sample_length) {
+ if (size <= 2 * sample_length) {
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%zu ", tab[i]);
+ } else {
+ for (size_t i = 0; (i < size) && (i < sample_length); i++)
+ printf("%zu ", tab[i]);
+ printf("... ");
+ for (size_t i = size - sample_length; i < size; i++)
+ printf("%zu ", tab[i]);
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+}
+
+int main() {
+ size_t* primes_ref = malloc(PRIME_MAX/2 * sizeof(size_t));
+ size_t* primes = malloc(PRIME_MAX/2 * sizeof(size_t));
+ size_t nb_primes_ref;
+ size_t nb_primes;
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ prime_reference(primes_ref, &nb_primes_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ prime_kernel(primes, &nb_primes);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ print_sample(primes_ref, nb_primes_ref, 5);
+ print_sample(primes, nb_primes, 5);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (nb_primes_ref != nb_primes) {
+ printf("Bad results (wrong number of prime numbers) :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < nb_primes; i++) {
+ if (primes_ref[i] != primes[i]) {
+ printf("Bad results (prime numbers do not correspond) :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ free(primes_ref);
+ free(primes);
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_3_dag.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_3_dag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe0444b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_3_dag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+#define MAX_VAL 5 // Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+
+double f(double x, double y, unsigned int time) {
+ sleep(time);
+ return x + 2 * y;
+}
+
+// Reference computation kernel (do not touch)
+void dag_reference(double r1, double r2, double r3, double* r) {
+ double d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6;
+
+ d1 = f(r1, r2, 1);
+ d2 = f(r2, r3, 1);
+ d3 = f(d1, d2, 1);
+ d4 = f(r1, r3, 2);
+ d5 = f(r2, d2, 1);
+ d6 = f(d5, d4+d3, 1);
+
+ *r = d6;
+}
+
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+void dag_kernel(double r1, double r2, double r3, double* r) {
+ double d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel
+ {
+ #pragma omp single
+ {
+ #pragma omp task depend(out: d1)
+ {
+ d1 = f(r1,r2,1) ;
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task depend(out: d2)
+ {
+ d2 = f(r2,r3,1);
+ }
+
+
+
+ #pragma omp task depend(in: d1,d2) depend(out:d3)
+ {
+ d3 = f(d1,d2,1);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task depend(out:d4)
+ {
+ d4 = f(r1,r3,2);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task depend(in: d2) depend(out: d5)
+ {
+ d5 = f(r2,d2,1);
+ }
+
+
+
+ #pragma omp task depend(in:d5,d4,d3)
+ {
+ d6 = f(d5, d4+d3, 1);
+ }
+
+
+ }
+ }
+ *r = d6;
+
+}
+
+int main() {
+ double val_ref, val_ker;
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+ // Initialization by random values
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
+ double val1 = (double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ double val2 = (double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ double val3 = (double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ dag_reference(val1, val2, val3, &val_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ dag_kernel(val1, val2, val3, &val_ker);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (val_ref != val_ker) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_4_fibonacci.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_4_fibonacci.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..868ea23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tp3_synchronisation_et_taches_codes/tp3_4_fibonacci.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+#define HYPERTHREADING 1 // 1 if hyperthreading is on, 0 otherwise
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------
+// Reference computation part (do not touch)
+
+int fibor(int n) {
+ if (n < 2)
+ return n;
+
+ return fibor(n-1) + fibor(n-2);
+}
+
+void fibonacci_reference(int n, int* fibo) {
+ *fibo = fibor(n);
+}
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------
+// Computation kernel (to parallelize)
+
+int fibok(int n) {
+ if (n < 2)
+ return n;
+
+ int x , y ;
+ #pragma omp task shared(x)
+ {
+ x = fibok(n-1) ;
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task shared(y)
+ {
+ y = fibok(n-2);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp taskwait
+ return x+y;
+}
+
+void fibonacci_kernel(int n, int* fibo) {
+ #pragma omp parallel
+ {
+ #pragma omp single
+ {
+ *fibo = fibok(n);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+ double time_reference, time_kernel, speedup, efficiency;
+ int n, fibo_ref, fibo_ker;
+
+ if (argc != 2) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s number\n", argv[0]);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ n = atoi(argv[1]);
+
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime();
+ fibonacci_reference(n, &fibo_ref);
+ time_reference = omp_get_wtime() - time_reference;
+ printf("Reference time : %3.5lf s\n", time_reference);
+
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime();
+ fibonacci_kernel(n, &fibo_ker);
+ time_kernel = omp_get_wtime() - time_kernel;
+ printf("Kernel time -- : %3.5lf s\n", time_kernel);
+
+ speedup = time_reference / time_kernel;
+ efficiency = speedup / (omp_get_num_procs() / (1 + HYPERTHREADING));
+ printf("Speedup ------ : %3.5lf\n", speedup);
+ printf("Efficiency --- : %3.5lf\n", efficiency);
+
+ // Check if the result differs from the reference
+ if (fibo_ref != fibo_ker) {
+ printf("Bad results :-(((\n");
+ printf("Reference: fibo(%d) = %d\n", n, fibo_ref);
+ printf("Kernel: fibo(%d) = %d\n", n, fibo_ker);
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ printf("fibo(%d) = %d\n", n, fibo_ref);
+ printf("OK results :-)\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a93f753
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/annale.c
@@ -0,0 +1,373 @@
+// TRI QSORT/FUSION EN PARALLÈLE
+
+// Le but de ce TP est d'obtenir un programme de tri parallèle distribué sur
+// un cluster de noeuds (en MPI) et d'utiliser tous les coeurs de chaque noeud
+// grâce à une fonction qsort multi-threads (en OpenMP).
+
+// Vous pouvez faire des tests de performance sur une machine unique en
+// lançant m processus MPI et t threads OpenMP, avec des valeurs de m et t
+// contrôlées au moment de l'exécution.
+
+// Le sujet comporte 3 questions, notées QUESTION 1 (ligne 109), QUESTION 2
+// (ligne 156) et QUESTION 3 (ligne 207) de ce programme original.
+// Déposez un seul fichier sur moodle avant la fin du temps indiqué.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+
+// Taille du tableau à trier
+//#define N 100000000
+// Pour faire de tous petits tests, on peut utiliser :
+ #define N 48
+
+
+/* INITIALISATIONS VARIABLES ET FONCTIONS GLOBALES, NE PAS MODIFIER */
+// fonction d'initialisation de la vérification (à appeler sur tableau initial)
+void verif_init(int *);
+// fonction de vérification : le tableau passé en argument est le tableau de
+// verif_init() trié.
+// (renvoie 0 si succès, 1 si échec + message sur stderr)
+int verif(int *);
+
+// variables globales pour éviter les stack overflow.
+int tab_init[N], res_init[N];
+int *tab = tab_init, *res = res_init;
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// fonction qui fait la fusion de deux parties de tableau triées tab1 et tab2
+// et remplit le tableau res avec le résultat de la fusion
+void fusion(int *restrict res, int *restrict tab1, int len1,
+ int *restrict tab2, int len2)
+{
+ int is=0, js=0, r=0;
+
+ while(is<len1 && js<len2)
+ {
+ if(tab2[js] < tab1[is])
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+ else
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ }
+ while(is<len1)
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ while(js<len2)
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+}
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// échange les valeurs de tab[i] et tab[j]
+void echange(int *tab, int i, int j)
+{
+ int tmp = tab[j];
+ tab[j] = tab[i];
+ tab[i] = tmp;
+}
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// sépare le tableau tab entre debut et fin, éléments inférieurs à un pivot au
+// début et éléments supérieurs au pivot à la fin.
+int separe(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+ // prend le pivot au début
+ int pivot = tab[deb];
+
+ // place tous les éléments inférieurs au pivot au début de tab
+ // (en position ind_plus_petit, un entier qui croît) après le pivot
+ int ind_plus_petit = deb;
+ for(int i=deb+1 ; i<fin ; i++)
+ {
+ if(tab[i] < pivot)
+ {
+ ind_plus_petit++;
+ // échange tab[i] et [ind_plus_petit]
+ echange(tab, i, ind_plus_petit);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // puis place le pivot (mis au début) en position ind_plus_petit
+ echange(tab, ind_plus_petit, deb);
+
+ // et retourne sa position dans tab
+ return(ind_plus_petit);
+}
+
+
+/* LA MÊME FONCTION, À PARALLÉLISER */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 1 :
+Paralléliser la boucle principale de cette fonction à l'aide d'OpenMP, en
+protégeant les variables partagées 'tab' et 'ind_plus_petit' contre les accès
+concurrents.
+
+
+- est-ce que cette parallélisation est correcte ? pourquoi ?
+non :(
+>>>
+
+
+
+- que faudrait-il faire pour la rendre correcte ?
+>>>
+
+
+- pourquoi est-ce que la parallélisation de cette boucle ne peut pas rendre
+ ce programme parallèle efficace ?
+>>>
+
+>>>
+
+*/
+// sépare le tableau tab entre debut et fin, éléments inférieurs à un pivot au
+// début et éléments supérieurs à la fin.
+int separe_openmp(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+ // prend le pivot au début
+ int pivot = tab[deb];
+
+ // place tous les éléments inférieurs au pivot au début de tab
+ // (en position ind_plus_petit, un entier qui croît) après le pivot
+ int ind_plus_petit = deb;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for reduction(+:ind_plus_petit)
+ for(int i=deb+1 ; i<fin ; i++)
+ {
+ if(tab[i] < pivot)
+ {
+
+
+ #pragma omp parallel critical
+ {
+ ind_plus_petit++;
+ // échange tab[i] et [ind_plus_petit]
+
+ echange(tab, i, ind_plus_petit);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // puis place le pivot (mis au début) en position ind_plus_petit
+ echange(tab, ind_plus_petit, deb);
+
+ // et retourne sa position dans tab
+ return(ind_plus_petit);
+}
+
+
+
+/* FONCTION À PARALLÉLISER */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 2:
+Paralléliser cette fonction en utilisant des tâches OpenMP. Vous ferez en
+sorte de limiter le nombre de threads OpenMP créés.
+Remarque 1 : vous pouvez modifier l'appel de cette fonction depuis la fonction
+tri() (en-dessous) pour utiliser OpenMP efficacement.
+Remarque 2 : utilisez la fonction separe() (en commentaire ci-dessous), au
+lieu de la fonction separe_openmp() que vous avez modifiée.
+
+
+- pour obtenir de bonnes performances, il faut arrêter de créer des threads
+ OpenMP Ã partir d'une certaine taille limite. Pourquoi ?
+>>>
+
+
+- La performance est améliorée si on augmente le nombre de threads OpenMP au
+ delà du nombre de coeurs d'une machine. Quelle pourrait être une raison
+ possible à cela ?
+>>>
+
+
+*/
+// quicksort parallèle du tableau tab
+// données en entrée : tab[deb] à tab[(fin-1)]
+void monsort_q(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+ // condition d'arrêt : si 2 éléments ou moins à trier
+ if(fin-deb <= 2)
+ {
+ // si 2 éléments exactement et qu'ils sont dans le désordre
+ if(fin-deb == 2 && tab[deb] > tab[fin-1])
+ {
+ // échange tab[deb] et [fin-1] puis termine
+ echange(tab, deb, fin-1);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ int pos_pivot;
+ // UTILISER LA VERSION ORIGINALE (NON PARALLÉLISÉE) POUR LES QUESTIONS 2 ET 3
+ // pos_pivot = separe(tab, deb, fin);
+ pos_pivot = separe(tab, deb, fin);
+
+ // appels récursifs
+ #pragma omp task shared(tab) if (fin - deb > 100)
+ {
+ monsort_q(tab, deb, pos_pivot);
+ }
+ #pragma omp task shared(tab) if (fin - deb > 100)
+ {
+ monsort_q(tab, pos_pivot+1, fin);
+ }
+ #pragma omp taskwait
+}
+
+
+
+/* FONCTION À PARALLÉLISER EN UTILISANT MPI */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 3:
+Paralléliser cette fonction en utilisant MPI. Vous devrez également modifier
+le programme principal (main()) ci-dessous. Le processus de rang 0 doit faire
+l'initialisation du tableau et la vérification.
+Le nombre de processus MPI est arbitraire, mais vous pouvez supposer que c'est
+une puissance de 2. Vous pouvez supposer que le nombre de processus divise N.
+Chaque processus MPI devra faire le tri d'une partie de tableau, puis tous les
+processus devront collaborer pour faire des fusions de sous-tableaux deux Ã
+deux selon un arbre binaire.
+
+
+- Quel est l'intérêt d'effectuer les fusions deux à deux selon un arbre
+ binaire, au lieu d'envoyer toutes les données directement sur le processus 0
+ immédiatement après l'appel à qsort ?
+>>>
+
+
+- Que faudrait-il faire pour pouvoir considérer un nombre de processus MPI qui
+ n'est pas une puissance de 2 et une taille de tableau non divisible par le
+ nombre de processus MPI ?
+>>>
+
+
+*/
+// trie le tableau global tab (utilise le tableau res)
+void tri(int rank , int size,int part_size)
+{
+ // trie deux moitiés de tableaux (première et deuxième moitié de tab)
+
+ monsort_q(tab, 0, part_size);
+
+ // fusionne les deux parties
+
+ for(int i = 1 ; i < size ; i*=2)
+ {
+ if ((rank %(2*i)) != 0)
+ {
+ MPI_Send(tab,part_size*i, MPI_INT,rank-i,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return(0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ MPI_Recv(tab + (part_size*i), part_size*i, MPI_INT, rank +i , 0 ,MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
+ fusion(res,tab,part_size*i,tab+ part_size*i,part_size*i);
+ int *tmp = tab;
+ tab= res ;
+ res = tmp ;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* PROGRAMME PRINCIPAL */
+/* À MODIFIER POUR ÉCRIRE LA VERSION MPI (QUESTION 3) */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ double t1=0, t2; // pour la mesure du temps d'exécution
+ int rank,size;
+ MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&size);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&rank);
+
+ if (rank == 0 ){
+ // initialisation du tableau et de la vérification
+ srand(time(0)+getpid());
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ {
+ tab[i] = rand()%N;
+ }
+ verif_init(tab);
+ // fin initialisation
+ }
+ // mesure du temps début du calcul
+ t1 = MPI_Wtime();
+
+
+ int part_size = N / size;
+ MPI_Scatter(tab, part_size, MPI_INT, tab, part_size, MPI_INT, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ /* le tri */
+ tri(rank , size, part_size)
+
+
+ // mesure le temps d'exécution du tri
+ t2 = MPI_Wtime();
+ fprintf(stderr, "temps d'exécution : %lgs\n", t2-t1);
+
+ MPÃ_Finalize();
+ // vérifie que le tableau tab est trié et renvoie un code d'erreur
+ return(verif(tab));
+}
+
+
+
+/* NE PAS MODIFIER LE RESTE DU PROGRAMME CI-DESSOUS */
+// fonctions de vérification du tri
+static int compte[N];
+void verif_init(int *t)
+{
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[i]=0;
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[t[i]]++;
+}
+int verif(int *t)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "result:");
+ for(int i=0 ; i<5&&i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, " ...");
+ for(int i=N-5>0?N-5:0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+
+ /* vérification que le tableau t est bien le tableau trié : */
+ /* vérifie que les éléments sont dans l'ordre, et que le nombre */
+ /* d'occurrences de chaque valeur correspond au tableau compte. */
+ int nb = 1;
+ for(int i=1 ; i<N ; i++)
+ {
+ if(t[i-1] == t[i])
+ {
+ nb++;
+ }
+ else if(t[i-1] > t[i])
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (%d > %d at index %d-%d)\n", t[i-1], t[i], i-1, i);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la valeur précédente
+ if(compte[t[i-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[i-1], nb, compte[t[i-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ nb = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la dernière valeur
+ if(compte[t[N-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[N-1], nb, compte[t[N-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Result OK!\n");
+ return(0);
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df99308
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/hello.c
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ int rang, size;
+ char hn[100];
+ gethostname(hn,100) ;
+
+ if (MPI_Init(&argc,&argv))
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr,"Erreur MPI_Init\n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&rang);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&size) ;
+ printf("Je suis le processus numéro %d, sur %d(sur la machine %s) \n",rang,size,hn);
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return 0;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/ping.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/ping.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d0dc45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/ping.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include <mpi.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ double start,end;
+ int my_rank , num_procs;
+ int tag =0 ;
+ MPI_Status status;
+
+ //Init MPI
+ MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&my_rank) ;
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&num_procs);
+ int message_size = atoi(argv[1]);
+ int num_messages = atoi(argv[2]);
+ char *msg = malloc(message_size*sizeof(char));
+
+ for(int i = 0; i < message_size ; i++)
+ msg[i] = 'a' ;
+ start = MPI_Wtime();
+ for (int i = 0; i < num_messages; i++)
+ {
+ if (my_rank == 0)
+ {
+ MPI_Ssend(msg,message_size,MPI_CHAR,1,tag,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Recv(msg,message_size,MPI_CHAR,1,tag,MPI_COMM_WORLD,&status);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ MPI_Recv(msg,message_size,MPI_CHAR,0,tag,MPI_COMM_WORLD,&status) ;
+ MPI_Ssend(msg,message_size,MPI_CHAR,0,tag,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ }
+
+ }
+
+ end = MPI_Wtime();
+ if (my_rank == 0)
+ {
+ printf("Temps (process 0) : %f s\n",end-start);
+ }
+ if (my_rank == 1)
+ {
+ printf("Temps (process 1) : %f s\n", end-start);
+ }
+ if (my_rank == 0)
+ {
+ double temps_transmission = (end - start) / (num_messages * 2);
+ double debit = (message_size / temps_transmission) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024);
+ printf("%d pingpong effectués avec un message de taille %d\n",num_messages,message_size) ;
+ printf("Temps de transmission d'un message : %e s\n",temps_transmission);
+ printf("Débit : %f Goctets/s\n",debit);
+ }
+ free(msg);
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return 0 ;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40a7d2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/prodmat.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+
+
+/* matrix size */
+#define N 2496
+
+// Random values are [0, MAX_VAL]
+#define MAX_VAL 5
+
+// Nomber of checks
+#define NBCHECKS 10
+// acceptable error (in check)
+#define ERROR 1.e-3
+
+#define DIFFTEMPS(a,b) (((b).tv_sec - (a).tv_sec) + ((b).tv_usec - (a).tv_usec)/1000000.)
+
+/* global to avoid stack overflow */
+double a[N][N],b[N][N],c[N][N];
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv)
+{
+ int size,rank ;
+ MPI_Init(&argc,&argv);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&size);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&rank) ;
+ if (N%size != 0)
+ {
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ printf("erreur pas divisible! \n");
+ exit(1);
+ }
+
+ struct timeval tv_init, tv_begin, tv_end;
+ gettimeofday(&tv_init, NULL);
+
+ /***************************************************************************/
+ // initialization
+ if (rank == 0 )
+ {
+ srand((unsigned int)time(NULL)+getpid());
+ for (int i=0;i<N;i++)
+ for (int j=0;j<N;j++)
+ {
+ b[i][j]=(double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ a[i][j]=(double)rand()/(double)(RAND_MAX/MAX_VAL);
+ }
+
+ }
+ MPI_Scatter(a, (N/size)*N,MPI_DOUBLE,a,(N/size) *N, MPI_DOUBLE,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD) ;
+ MPI_Bcast(b,N*N, MPI_DOUBLE,0 ,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+
+ /***************************************************************************/
+ // compute
+
+ gettimeofday(&tv_begin, NULL);
+
+ for(int i=0;i<N/size;i++)
+ for(int j=0;j<N;j++)
+ c[i][j] = 0.;
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N/size ; i++)
+ for(int j=0 ; j<N ; j++)
+ for(int k=0 ; k<N ; k++)
+ c[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
+
+
+ gettimeofday(&tv_end, NULL);
+
+
+ /***************************************************************************/
+ // check some arbitrary values
+ MPI_Gather(c, N*N/size,MPI_DOUBLE,c, N*N/size,MPI_DOUBLE,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ if (rank == 0){
+ int check_ok = 1;
+ for(int checks=0 ; checks<NBCHECKS ; checks++)
+ {
+ int i = rand()%N;
+ int j = rand()%N;
+ double val = 0.;
+ for(int k=0 ; k<N ; k++)
+ val += a[i][k] * b[k][j];
+ if(fabs(val - c[i][j]) > ERROR)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "BAD RESULTS !");
+ fprintf(stderr, " (value[%d][%d] = %g should be %g)\n",
+ i, j, c[i][j], val);
+ check_ok = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ if(check_ok)
+ fprintf(stderr, "Ok results :)\n");
+
+ /***************************************************************************/
+ /* execution times */
+ printf("Init : %lfs, Compute : %lfs\n",
+ DIFFTEMPS(tv_init,tv_begin),
+ DIFFTEMPS(tv_begin,tv_end));
+ }
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return(0);
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri
new file mode 100644
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diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri_qs_fusion.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri_qs_fusion.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8ac43d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tpMPI/tri_qs_fusion.c
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+
+//#define N 10000000
+#define N 1000
+// pour qsort
+int compare(const void *p1, const void *p2)
+{
+ int v1=*(int *)p1, v2=*(int *)p2;
+ if(v1<v2)
+ return(-1);
+ else if(v2<v1)
+ return(1);
+ else
+ return(0);
+}
+
+// pour fusionner deux parties de tableau triées tab1 et tab2
+// remplit res avec la fusion
+void fusion(int *restrict res, int *restrict tab1, int len1, int *restrict tab2, int len2)
+{
+ int is=0, js=0, r=0;
+
+ while(is<len1 && js<len2)
+ {
+ if(tab2[js] < tab1[is])
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+ else
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ }
+ while(is<len1)
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ while(js<len2)
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+
+}
+
+// fonction d'initialisation de la vérification
+void verif_init(int *);
+// fonction de vérification : le tableau passé en argument est le tableau de verif_init() trié
+// (renvoie 0 si succès, 1 si échec + message sur stderr)
+int verif(int *);
+
+int tabi[N], resi[N];
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+ int rank, size;
+ MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size);
+
+ int *res = resi;
+ int *tab = tabi;
+
+ if (rank == 0) {
+ srand(time(0) + getpid());
+ for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+ tab[i] = rand() % N;
+ }
+ verif_init(tab);
+ }
+
+ int part_size = N / size;
+
+ MPI_Scatter(tab, part_size, MPI_INT, tab, part_size, MPI_INT, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+
+ qsort(tab, part_size, sizeof(int), compare);
+
+ for(int i = 1 ; i < size ; i*=2)
+ {
+ if ((rank %(2*i)) != 0)
+ {
+ MPI_Send(tab,part_size*i, MPI_INT,rank-i,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return(0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ MPI_Recv(tab + (part_size*i), part_size*i, MPI_INT, rank +i , 0 ,MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
+ fusion(res,tab,part_size*i,tab+ part_size*i,part_size*i);
+ int *tmp = tab;
+ tab= res ;
+ res = tmp ;
+ }
+ }
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return verif(tab);
+}
+
+static int compte[N];
+void verif_init(int *t)
+{
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[i]=0;
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[t[i]]++;
+}
+int verif(int *t)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "result:");
+ for(int i=0 ; i<5&&i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, " ...");
+ for(int i=N-5>0?N-5:0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+
+ /* vérification que le tableau t est bien le tableau trié : */
+ /* vérifie que les éléments sont dans l'ordre, et que le nombre */
+ /* d'occurrences de chaque valeur correspond au tableau compte. */
+ int nb = 1;
+ for(int i=1 ; i<N ; i++)
+ {
+ if(t[i-1] == t[i])
+ {
+ nb++;
+ }
+ else if(t[i-1] > t[i])
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (%d > %d at index %d-%d)\n", t[i-1], t[i], i-1, i);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la valeur précédente
+ if(compte[t[i-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[i-1], nb, compte[t[i-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ nb = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la dernière valeur
+ if(compte[t[N-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[N-1], nb, compte[t[N-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Result OK!\n");
+
+
+ return(0);
+}
diff --git a/Mec_discord/annales/tri_fusion_first_try.c b/Mec_discord/annales/tri_fusion_first_try.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5c35d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Mec_discord/annales/tri_fusion_first_try.c
@@ -0,0 +1,420 @@
+// TRI QSORT/FUSION EN PARALLÈLE
+
+// Le but de ce TP est d'obtenir un programme de tri parallèle distribué sur
+// un cluster de noeuds (en MPI) et d'utiliser tous les coeurs de chaque noeud
+// grâce à une fonction qsort multi-threads (en OpenMP).
+
+// Vous pouvez faire des tests de performance sur une machine unique en
+// lançant m processus MPI et t threads OpenMP, avec des valeurs de m et t
+// contrôlées au moment de l'exécution.
+
+// Le sujet comporte 3 questions, notées QUESTION 1 (ligne 109), QUESTION 2
+// (ligne 156) et QUESTION 3 (ligne 207) de ce programme original.
+// Déposez un seul fichier sur moodle avant la fin du temps indiqué.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <mpi.h>
+#include <omp.h>
+
+// Taille du tableau à trier
+#define N 100000000
+// Pour faire de tous petits tests, on peut utiliser :
+// #define N 48
+
+
+/* INITIALISATIONS VARIABLES ET FONCTIONS GLOBALES, NE PAS MODIFIER */
+// fonction d'initialisation de la vérification (à appeler sur tableau initial)
+void verif_init(int *);
+// fonction de vérification : le tableau passé en argument est le tableau de
+// verif_init() trié.
+// (renvoie 0 si succès, 1 si échec + message sur stderr)
+int verif(int *);
+
+// variables globales pour éviter les stack overflow.
+int tab_init[N], res_init[N];
+int *tab = tab_init, *res = res_init;
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// fonction qui fait la fusion de deux parties de tableau triées tab1 et tab2
+// et remplit le tableau res avec le résultat de la fusion
+void fusion(int *restrict res, int *restrict tab1, int len1,
+ int *restrict tab2, int len2)
+{
+ int is=0, js=0, r=0;
+
+ while(is<len1 && js<len2)
+ {
+ if(tab2[js] < tab1[is])
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+ else
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ }
+ while(is<len1)
+ res[r++] = tab1[is++];
+ while(js<len2)
+ res[r++] = tab2[js++];
+}
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// échange les valeurs de tab[i] et tab[j]
+void echange(int *tab, int i, int j)
+{
+ int tmp = tab[j];
+ tab[j] = tab[i];
+ tab[i] = tmp;
+}
+
+
+/* FONCTION DONNÉE, NE PAS MODIFIER. */
+// sépare le tableau tab entre debut et fin, éléments inférieurs à un pivot au
+// début et éléments supérieurs au pivot à la fin.
+int separe(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+ // prend le pivot au début
+ int pivot = tab[deb];
+
+ // place tous les éléments inférieurs au pivot au début de tab
+ // (en position ind_plus_petit, un entier qui croît) après le pivot
+ int ind_plus_petit = deb;
+ for(int i=deb+1 ; i<fin ; i++)
+ {
+ if(tab[i] < pivot)
+ {
+ ind_plus_petit++;
+ // échange tab[i] et [ind_plus_petit]
+ echange(tab, i, ind_plus_petit);
+ }
+ }
+
+ // puis place le pivot (mis au début) en position ind_plus_petit
+ echange(tab, ind_plus_petit, deb);
+
+ // et retourne sa position dans tab
+ return(ind_plus_petit);
+}
+
+
+/* LA MÊME FONCTION, À PARALLÉLISER */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 1 :
+Paralléliser la boucle principale de cette fonction à l'aide d'OpenMP, en
+protégeant les variables partagées 'tab' et 'ind_plus_petit' contre les accès
+concurrents.
+
+
+- est-ce que cette parallélisation est correcte ? pourquoi ?
+>>>
+
+ L'ordre dans lequel les éléments sont échangés dépend de
+ l'ordonnancement des threads. Et comme l'echange se fait
+ en se basant sur ind_plus_petit qui est partagé, même si on
+ protège notre boucle des accès concurrents, les échanges ne
+ seront pas dans la bon ordre.
+
+- que faudrait-il faire pour la rendre correcte ?
+>>>
+
+
+
+
+- pourquoi est-ce que la parallélisation de cette boucle ne peut pas rendre
+ ce programme parallèle efficace ?
+ L'utilisation de la clause critical dans la boucle où chaque thread peut potentiellement entrer en compétition pour accéder à cette section critique rend l'exécution largement séquentielle,
+ car les threads doivent attendre leur tour pour effectuer l'échange. Cela crée un goulot d'étranglement significatif qui réduit les bénéfices de la parallélisation, puisque les threads sont
+ souvent bloqués en attente de l'accès à la section critique.
+>>>
+
+
+*/
+// sépare le tableau tab entre debut et fin, éléments inférieurs à un pivot au
+// début et éléments supérieurs à la fin.
+int separe_openmp(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+ // prend le pivot au début
+ int pivot = tab[deb];
+
+ // place tous les éléments inférieurs au pivot au début de tab
+ // (en position ind_plus_petit, un entier qui croît) après le pivot
+ int ind_plus_petit = deb;
+
+ #pragma omp parallel for reduction(+:ind_plus_petit)
+ for(int i=deb+1 ; i<fin ; i++)
+ {
+ if(tab[i] < pivot)
+ {
+ #pragma omp critical
+ {
+ ind_plus_petit++;
+ // échange tab[i] et [ind_plus_petit]
+ echange(tab, i, ind_plus_petit);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ // puis place le pivot (mis au début) en position ind_plus_petit
+
+ echange(tab, ind_plus_petit, deb);
+
+ // et retourne sa position dans tab
+ return(ind_plus_petit);
+}
+
+
+
+/* FONCTION À PARALLÉLISER */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 2:
+Paralléliser cette fonction en utilisant des tâches OpenMP. Vous ferez en
+sorte de limiter le nombre de threads OpenMP créés.
+Remarque 1 : vous pouvez modifier l'appel de cette fonction depuis la fonction
+tri() (en-dessous) pour utiliser OpenMP efficacement.
+Remarque 2 : utilisez la fonction separe() (en commentaire ci-dessous), au
+lieu de la fonction separe_openmp() que vous avez modifiée.
+
+
+- pour obtenir de bonnes performances, il faut arrêter de créer des threads
+ OpenMP Ã partir d'une certaine taille limite. Pourquoi ?
+>>>
+La création de threads OpenMP entraîne un certain coût en termes de temps et de
+ressources. Lorsque la taille des données à traiter devient petite par rapport à ce coût,
+le bénéfice de la parallélisation diminue et peut même devenir négligeable voire négatif.
+Pour des données très petites, il est possible que le temps de création et de gestion des
+threads soit plus important que le temps nécessaire pour effectuer le travail réel.
+
+- La performance est améliorée si on augmente le nombre de threads OpenMP au
+ delà du nombre de coeurs d'une machine. Quelle pourrait être une raison
+ possible à cela ?on
+>>>
+
+L'augmentation du nombre de threads OpenMP au-delà du nombre de cœurs physiques d'une
+machine peut parfois améliorer les performances en raison de l'exploitation des unités
+d'exécution simultanée (SMT, Simultaneous Multi-Threading) ou de l'hyper-threading.
+Ces technologies permettent à chaque cœur physique de traiter plusieurs threads
+simultanément, en fournissant des ressources supplémentaires pour exécuter les threads
+supplémentaires, même si les ressources matérielles sont déjà utilisées à pleine capacité
+par les threads existants.
+
+*/
+// quicksort parallèle du tableau tab
+// données en entrée : tab[deb] à tab[(fin-1)]
+void monsort_q(int *tab, int deb, int fin)
+{
+
+ // condition d'arrêt : si 2 éléments ou moins à trier
+ if(fin-deb <= 2)
+ {
+ // si 2 éléments exactement et qu'ils sont dans le désordre
+ if(fin-deb == 2 && tab[deb] > tab[fin-1])
+ {
+ // échange tab[deb] et [fin-1] puis termine
+ echange(tab, deb, fin-1);
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ int pos_pivot;
+ // UTILISER LA VERSION ORIGINALE (NON PARALLÉLISÉE) POUR LES QUESTIONS 2 ET 3
+ //pos_pivot = separe(tab, deb, fin);
+ //monsort_q(tab, deb, pos_pivot);
+ // monsort_q(tab, pos_pivot + 1, fin);
+ //pos_pivot = separe_openmp(tab, deb, fin);
+
+ // Utilisation de tâches OpenMP pour paralléliser les appels récursifs
+
+ pos_pivot = separe(tab, deb, fin);
+
+ // Appels récursifs parallélisés
+ #pragma omp task shared(tab) if (fin - deb > 100) // Utilisation d'une condition pour limiter la création de tâches
+ {
+ monsort_q(tab, deb, pos_pivot);
+ }
+
+ #pragma omp task shared(tab) if (fin - deb > 100) // Utilisation d'une condition pour limiter la création de tâches
+ {
+ monsort_q(tab, pos_pivot + 1, fin);
+ }
+
+ // Synchronisation des tâches avant de terminer
+ #pragma omp taskwait
+
+}
+
+
+
+/* FONCTION À PARALLÉLISER EN UTILISANT MPI */
+/* RÉPONDRE AUX QUESTIONS CI-DESSOUS :
+QUESTION 3:
+Paralléliser cette fonction en utilisant MPI. Vous devrez également modifier
+le programme principal (main()) ci-dessous. Le processus de rang 0 doit faire
+l'initialisation du tableau et la vérification.
+Le nombre de processus MPI est arbitraire, mais vous pouvez supposer que c'est
+une puissance de 2. Vous pouvez supposer que le nombre de processus divise N.
+Chaque processus MPI devra faire le tri d'une partie de tableau, puis tous les
+processus devront collaborer pour faire des fusions de sous-tableaux deux Ã
+deux selon un arbre binaire.
+
+
+- Quel est l'intérêt d'effectuer les fusions deux à deux selon un arbre
+ binaire, au lieu d'envoyer toutes les données directement sur le processus 0
+ immédiatement après l'appel à qsort ?
+>>>
+L'intérêt d'effectuer les fusions deux à deux selon un arbre binaire réside dans la réduction de la communication entre les processus MPI.
+Plutôt que d'envoyer toutes les données directement au processus 0, ce qui peut entraîner des goulets d'étranglement
+et une charge disproportionnée sur ce processus, la fusion deux à deux permet de distribuer la charge de manière équilibrée entre les processus.
+ De plus, cela peut réduire le temps de communication global, car chaque processus fusionne localement avec un autre processus,
+ ce qui peut être plus efficace en termes de bande passante et de latence.
+
+
+- Que faudrait-il faire pour pouvoir considérer un nombre de processus MPI qui
+ n'est pas une puissance de 2 et une taille de tableau non divisible par le
+ nombre de processus MPI ?
+ Oui, vous avez raison. Une autre approche possible consiste à distribuer le travail entre les processus pairs et impairs. Cela peut être une solution plus simple et efficace, surtout si la taille du tableau n'est pas nécessairement divisible par le nombre de processus MPI.
+
+Voici comment cela pourrait être mis en œuvre :
+
+ Nombre de processus MPI non une puissance de 2 :
+ Divisez le tableau en deux parties : une pour les processus pairs et une pour les processus impairs.
+ Distribuez les parties du tableau aux processus de manière équilibrée, en attribuant à chaque processus une quantité de travail similaire.
+
+ Taille de tableau non divisible par le nombre de processus MPI :
+ Si la taille du tableau n'est pas divisible par le nombre de processus, vous pouvez attribuer équitablement les éléments du tableau à partir du premier élément jusqu'à ce que tous les éléments soient attribués.
+ Les processus impairs peuvent traiter un élément supplémentaire si nécessaire.
+
+Cela garantit que chaque processus MPI a une charge de travail équilibrée, et la gestion de la distribution des éléments du tableau est plus simple.
+>>>
+
+
+*/
+// trie le tableau global tab (utilise le tableau res)
+// trie le tableau global tab (utilise le tableau res)
+void tri(int rank , int size,int part_size)
+{
+ // trie deux moitiés de tableaux (première et deuxième moitié de tab)
+
+ monsort_q(tab, 0, part_size);
+
+ // fusionne les deux parties
+
+ for(int i = 1 ; i < size ; i*=2)
+ {
+ if ((rank %(2*i)) != 0)
+ {
+ MPI_Send(tab,part_size*i, MPI_INT,rank-i,0,MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ MPI_Finalize();
+ return(0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ MPI_Recv(tab + (part_size*i), part_size*i, MPI_INT, rank +i , 0 ,MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
+ fusion(res,tab,part_size*i,tab+ part_size*i,part_size*i);
+ int *tmp = tab;
+ tab= res ;
+ res = tmp ;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* PROGRAMME PRINCIPAL */
+/* À MODIFIER POUR ÉCRIRE LA VERSION MPI (QUESTION 3) */
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ double t1=0, t2; // pour la mesure du temps d'exécution
+ int rank,size;
+ MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);
+ MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&size);
+ MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD,&rank);
+
+ if (rank == 0 ){
+ // initialisation du tableau et de la vérification
+ srand(time(0)+getpid());
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ {
+ tab[i] = rand()%N;
+ }
+ verif_init(tab);
+ // fin initialisation
+ }
+ // mesure du temps début du calcul
+ t1 = MPI_Wtime();
+
+
+ int part_size = N / size;
+ MPI_Scatter(tab, part_size, MPI_INT, tab, part_size, MPI_INT, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
+ /* le tri */
+ tri(rank , size, part_size)
+
+
+ // mesure le temps d'exécution du tri
+ t2 = MPI_Wtime();
+ fprintf(stderr, "temps d'exécution : %lgs\n", t2-t1);
+
+ MPÃ_Finalize();
+ // vérifie que le tableau tab est trié et renvoie un code d'erreur
+ return(verif(tab));
+}
+
+
+
+
+/* NE PAS MODIFIER LE RESTE DU PROGRAMME CI-DESSOUS */
+// fonctions de vérification du tri
+static int compte[N];
+void verif_init(int *t)
+{
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[i]=0;
+ for(int i=0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ compte[t[i]]++;
+}
+int verif(int *t)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr, "result:");
+ for(int i=0 ; i<5&&i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, " ...");
+ for(int i=N-5>0?N-5:0 ; i<N ; i++)
+ fprintf(stderr, " %d", t[i]);
+ fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+
+ /* vérification que le tableau t est bien le tableau trié : */
+ /* vérifie que les éléments sont dans l'ordre, et que le nombre */
+ /* d'occurrences de chaque valeur correspond au tableau compte. */
+ int nb = 1;
+ for(int i=1 ; i<N ; i++)
+ {
+ if(t[i-1] == t[i])
+ {
+ nb++;
+ }
+ else if(t[i-1] > t[i])
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (%d > %d at index %d-%d)\n", t[i-1], t[i], i-1, i);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la valeur précédente
+ if(compte[t[i-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[i-1], nb, compte[t[i-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ nb = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ // vérifie le nombre d'occurrences de la dernière valeur
+ if(compte[t[N-1]] != nb)
+ {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Error (bad count of %d: %d occurences, should be %d)\n", t[N-1], nb, compte[t[N-1]]);
+ return(1);
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Result OK!\n");
+ return(0);
+}
--
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